Energy security and climate change in subsaharan africa. The latitude 15 5000 series offers a fullyfeatured, premium mobile experience to meet the needs of any businessclass professional. Improving energy security the institute of world politics. Pdf maghreb goes directly from the major gas fields at hassi r mel. Trends in the diversification of oil and natural gas supplies prepared by gail cohen, frederick joutz and prakash loungani progress by the authors and are published to elicit comments february 2011 abstract we present evidence on one facet of energy security in oecd economiesthe extent of. Subsaharan africa is the fifth topic of the wilson centers bimonthly regional and global energy series, which has already covered russia and ukraine, china and asia pacific, and north america, as well as a 2015 energy policy outlook keynoted by us secretary of energy ernest moniz. Modern forms of energy such as petroproducts, coal, electricity and gas constitute the remaining 34%4. The program combines fieldbased research, practical experience, and teaching and education initiatives. Renewable energy will also help us develop energy independence and security. This dependence results in high power generation costs, with much of the fuel having to be imported in the case of the smaller oil importing countries in the region. Water, food security and agricultural policy in the middle east and.
Analysts examine energy security in subsaharan africa resourcerich african countries face economic challenges with the recent drop in oil prices. Accelerating energy efficiency unep dtu partnership. Defining terms and conceptualizing relationships food security is the outcome of food system processes all along the food chain. Africa and the middle east into the heart of the eu, new lng terminals serving. Access to clean and fairly priced energy will improve lives in africa.
Oil encompasses crude oil, lease condensate, natural gas plant liquids, biofuels, coaltoliquids, gastoliquids, and refinery processing gain. The national energy policy of south africa is contained in the white paper on energy policy that was published in 1998. Due to its high climate variability and rainfed agriculture, central africa is expected to experience longer and more frequent heatwaves as well as an increase in wet extremes. In 2011, an estimated average of 60 % of the total population resided in rural areas. April to septemberand then set to kanos latitude plus 15. Pdf global energy security and the implications for the eu. Managing risk in a dynamic legal and regulatory environment oxford. The challenge of stability and security in west africa. This is a more than fourfold increase from only 5% in 20.
Energy access and security in eastern africa united nations. The institute of world politics 1521 16th street nw washington, d. South africa international renewable energy conference 18 state of the nation address extracts by his excellency jacob g zuma on 12 february 2015 20 south africas energy situation 23 new shipping vessels hired for offshore support duty 24 top 20 energy saving tips 26 africa energy indaba it gives me great pleasure to present the inaugural. However, disparities in energy access and use both within and across countries mirror or are at times starker than inequalities in income. The context of europes energy security debate background collectively, eu member states import half of their energy needs. Barring significant policy changes, this figure is expected to rise to 65% by 2030. The brookings foreign policy studies energy security series. Africa center for strategic studies organized a seminar titled energy and security in africa from 6 to 11 march 2005 in the nigerian capital, abuja. Renewable energy will play an important role in africas energy mix in the coming years. Climate change will affect food security through its impacts on all components of global, national and. Chapter 19 energy access for development 1403 executive summary key challenges a quarter of humanity today lives without access to any electricity and almost onehalf still depends on solid fuels such as unprocessed biomass, coal, or charcoal for its thermal needs. Climate change will exacerbate regional and local tensions in hotzones around the world. Mar, 2015 analysts examine energy security in subsaharan africa resourcerich african countries face economic challenges with the recent drop in oil prices. Central africa, for the most part, is landlocked and is geographically threatened by climate change.
The most pressing energy security of supply issue is the strong dependence from a single external supplier. With more than 60% of its population under the age of 25, subsaharan africa is the worlds youngest region. Energy situation report west africa west african countries together form a part of the economic community for west african states ecowas. The department of the environment and energy supports the security of domestic and international supply chains for electricity, gas and liquid fuel through these core activities. Water for agriculture and energy in africa food and agriculture. They include relatively important reserves of oil, gas and coal that account for 9. The provision of energy and the infrastructure used to transport supplies is key to african national security and stability. This chapter begins by examining foreign powers expanded exploitation of oil and uranium resources in subsaharan africa. Oil is a major component of the energy mix, so that energy security in our context is about reducing vulnerability of and dependence on oil imports. Energy security and subsaharan africa springerlink. Energy security in latin america and africa center for. Variable renewable energies and their contribution to energy.
Pdf energy security and liquid fuels in south africa. This chapter begins by examining foreign powers expandedexploitation of oil and uranium resources in subsaharan africa. On the other hand, shortterm energy security focuses on the ability of the energy system to react promptly to sudden changes in the supplydemand balance. Therefore, interdependency within the sector and across the nations critical infrastructure sectors is critical. Dell latitude d830 the dell latitude d830 notebook is our highperformance solution for professionals who require desktop capabilities on the go especially those needing to run highend graphics. Chinas expanding african relations rand corporation. Climate change and global security american security project. Itassesses subsaharan states attempts to increase consumption of local oiland. Food security is the outcome of food system processes all along the food chain. Power electricity energy modelling and planning tariff analysis and migration conceptual to detailed design build and commisioning bilateral power purchase agreements off energy security services africa pty ltd engnet south africa. Energy security and subsaharan africa open access library.
It is estimated that by 2040 more than 25% or africas total energy will come a variety of clean sources geothermal, hydro, solar and wind. The market share of biofuels in the energy sector is forecast to grow from 2. Amos hochstein special envoy for international energy affairs, u. Strategies for a world in transition gathers todays topmost foreign policy and energy experts and leaders to assess how the united states can integrate its energy and national security interests. Anna ebers broughel research fellow at the school of public policy, university of maryland. Energy security services drives an entrepreneurial value proposition to companies and their energy projects across africa. The global mean temperature in this region is to increase by 1. Ecowas comprises of 15 countries in the region with a total population in excess of 340 million.
A crisis in energy security is thus difficult to diagnose and remedy, but the importance of informed, decisive and timely action cannot be overstated due to the centrality of the energy system to the development and survival of the modern state. Between 1980 and 2000, per capita consumption of modern energy in east and southern africa has remained small and stagnant, falling from an average of 317kgoe kilogrammes of oil equivalent to 292kgoe world bank, 2003. The concept of security has different meanings and connotations for different communities, and for. African security topics africa center for strategic studies. As the national energy system is complex, a multidisciplinary approach is needed to analyse its resilience and to address challenges to its integrity. Total welfare impact of fuel price increases per consumption quintile 17 appendix tble a table 1. Global energy security and the implications for the eu article pdf available in energy policy 383. Countries including kenya, tanzania, nigeria, ghana, south africa and ethiopia have made significant progress in both the renewable and nonrenewable energy sectors, but growth and development can. Security is a function of trade and of countries dependence on. For most industrial countries, energy insecurity means import dependency and aging infrastructure, while many emerging economies have additional. Perspectives on energy security and renewable energies in sub.
We argue that south africa is facing a crisis in energy security, evidenced in the three most important sectors electricity supply, liquid fuels production and coal supply for electricity. Americas growing reliance on african energy resources the. Executive briefing the future of jobs and skills in africa. The sleek new design is dells thinnest and lightest 15. Report on energy for sustainable development xi executive summary africa is endowed with a diversity of energy resources unevenly located across the continent. Analysts examine energy security in subsaharan africa eos. Consumption of modern energy in subsaharan africa excluding south africa is very low. Renewable energy, energy security, capacity markets, reliability, wind energy, solar energy, hydro. This is valid in particular for less integrated and connected regions such as the baltic and eastern europe. Energy security the energy sector consists of thousands of electricity, oil, and natural gas assets that are geographically dispersed and connected by systems and networks.
With an innovative design, latitude laptops and 2in1s are devices you are proud to carry. The programs goals are to devise strategies to increase. Energy security and sustainable development in a sia and the pacific. Africa is facing infrastructural challenges not least with regards to the provision of energy that have an impact on economic development.
The ecowas centre for renewable energy and energy efficiency ecreee and konradadenauerstiftung kas, represented by its regional programme on energy security and climate change in subsaharan africa, are launching the 2nd cycle of the ecowas research grant program. Energy situation report west africa smart villages. Improving energy security by diversification of energy. Energy security services africa pty ltd home facebook. While economic interests tend to dominate, a range of stakeholders and inter ests drive contemporary chinese behavior in africa, often in tension with each other. The changing balance of power in global energy security. Policies in south africa world future council workshop in. Understanding africas energy needs world economic forum.
Dell latitude e5430 advanced laptop dell south africa. Latitude can help your organization meet its environmental goals with an energyefficient design thats brominated flame retardant bfr and pvc free. Energy security of supply concerns every member state, even if some are more vulnerable than others. National security market, democratic, authoritarian, and theocratic regimes alike. Chinaexecutive summary 2 this monograph examines chinas approach to energy security. The future of jobs and skills in africa iii key findings the world economic forums human capital index finds that subsaharan africa currently only captures 55% of its human capital potential, compared to a global average of 65%. Between 1980 and 2000, per capita consumption of modern energy in east and southern africa has remained small and stagnant, falling from an average of 317kgoe kilogrammes of oil. Energy information administration, north africa and subsaharan africa accounted for 18. The reality behind eu energy security the case of nigeria. The share of renewable energy in the total primary energy supply is 33. Energy consumed in a given period of time is measured in kwh and 1gwh 10 6kwh electrification rate north africa 1 27 to 99% west africa 4 to 40% central africa 3 to 35% east africa 5 to 25% southern africa 7 to 70% 1 including mauritania the absence of an adequate electrification electrification rates in africa. The iags journal of energy security jes relies solely on the generosity of our donors to be able to deliver information, research, insight and hard data on global energy security issues. These aspects are usually included in the term security of supply. Aug 07, 2017 the surplus of oil supply has forced prices below those of 40 years ago in real terms, but energy security is not guaranteed.
The second, completely updated edition of this widely read and respected guide is the most authoritative survey available on the perennial question of energy security. Overview of the petrol and diesel market in south africa. The views expressed are those of the authors and do not represent an endorsement by the africa center. Michael klare, a professor of peace and world security studies, writes about the rising geopolitical battle centered around energy security, and notes that the pentagon is itself one of the worlds great oil guzzlers, consuming 4 million barrels. Published by palgrave macmillan over the last decade the topic of energy security has reappeared on global policy agendas.
Energy security and subsaharan africa openedition journals. Status and enhancement pathways iii preface and acknowledgements xi executive summary xiii acronyms xvii 1. Africas energy transformation the rising tide of reform, investment and innovation. Regional overview of food security and nutrition 1 after a prolonged decline, hunger appears to be on the rise globallyimproved nutrition outcomes reflect a broad, 1 the 2030 sustainable development agenda and food security and nutrition targets 2 trends in food security and nutrition in africa 3 sdg indicator 2. One could also choose to take the perspective of the energy supplier for which. These realities are occurring now, not some distant point in the future. Energy security and liquid fuels in south africa article pdf available in journal of energy in southern africa 201 february 2009 with 111 reads how we measure reads.
Security aspects of future renewable energy systemsa. The most pressing energy security of supply issue is the strong dependence from a. Energy security services africa pty ltd engnet south africa. Please consider donating to the journal of energy security to strengthen, broaden and deepen our global coverage. To help readers keep pace with these often fluid issues, the africa center curates a regularly updated list of mustread analyses. Improving energy security by understanding populations energy. May 22, 2014 having established a broad framework for the analysis of energy security, the paper turns to the analysis of south africas energy security situation. Energy security in south america and southern africa. The nature of violence has changed significantly in west africa since independence the vast majority of armed conflicts in west africa since independence have been intrastate conflicts, marked by 5 largescale civil wars. Only 24% of subsaharan africans have access to electricity and the energy generation capacity of africa excluding south africa is only 28 gigawatts, equal to that of argentina alone. Replacing some of our petroleum with fuels made from plant matter, for example, could save money and strengthen our energy security. Find out more creating a quick transition from mobile freedom away from the office to full desktop productivity at your office desk, dell efamily docks, stand and accessories enable. Made with premium materials like recycled carbon fiber, you can rely on your latitudes durability while taking advantage of the smallest and lightest form factor on the planet.
Inequalities are usually discussed and analyzed in terms of income or some related monetary measure. Pdf maghreb goes directly from the major gas fields at hassi rmel. In these regions, the impacts of a changing climate will act as an accelerant of instability by multiplying problems like water scarcity, food shortages, and overpopulation. In the new millennium, the incidence of civil wars and largescale conflicts dropped off dramatically, representing a watershed in the political stabilization of the. Most analyses of international energy geopolitics examine the interests and behaviour of powerful energy importing countries like the us and china.
Water as both a resource and national security issue as background, this paper discusses a broad set of security issues and concepts. However, the prospects of turning the potential of renewable energy sources into reality are dim without. It goes on to examine how energy importers efforts to enhance their energy security through africa are impacting energy security within africa. Concept note power supply situation in africa final. Robinson west senior adviser, energy and national security program, csis oil markets continue to be in a state of flux with many. Africa s security environment is characterized by great diversity. Climate change will affect food security through its impacts on all components of global, national and local food systems. Western coastlines at latitudes between 30 and 60 experience the. It assesses subsaharan states attempts to increase consumption of local oil and uranium reserves. It goeson to examine how energy importers efforts to enhance their energysecurity through africa are impacting energy security within africa.