Glassreinforced polycarbonate is used in many industrial applications where metals, particularly diecast aluminum and zinc, are commonly used. In this publication, glass transition temperature and mechanical properties are compared for glassfiber reinforced vinyl ester composite, both asmanufactured and after hotwet conditioning at 80. Glass reinforced polycarbonate is used in many industrial applications where metals, particularly diecast aluminum and zinc, are commonly used. Commercialy available e glass fibres can be used to reinforce the gypsum plaster matrix and produce a strong composite material having improved tensile and impact properties. Gfrp glass fiber reinforced plastic crash box simulation on abaqus. Finite element modeling of buried glassreinforced composite pipe long bin tan, kwong ming tse, vincent beng chye tan, heow pueh lee. Glass reinforced plastic an overview sciencedirect topics. Glassfiber reinforced pipe engineered lining systems. Fiberglass pipes common standards engineering toolbox. Astm d2517 18 standard specification for reinforced epoxy. Failure analysis of glassreinforced polyester mortar pipes with. Those reinforced with glass are ideal for the power industry as they have no magnetic field and are resistant to electrical sparks.
This reduced the insulation properties to values typical of the plastic, but now for. Fiberglass american english, or fibreglass commonwealth english is a common type of. The aim of this paper is to provide an improved understanding of the performance of glass fibre reinforced epoxy gre pipe under combined pressure and axial loads. Rehabilitation of pipelines using fibre reinforced polymer frp composites presents information on this critical component of industrial and civil infrastructures, also exploring the particular challenges that exist in the monitor and repair of pipeline systems. Glass reinforced epoxy gre pipes advanced piping solutions. Water absorption curves were fitted to the experimental data with very high correlation. Glass fibre reinforced epoxy an overview sciencedirect topics. Preparation of glass fiber reinforced concrete gfrc glass fibers of 10mm to 50mm in length and a few microns in diameter can be added up to 5% by weight and premixed with cement and water in a pan or a paddle mixer. Modifiers for glass fiberreinforced polypropylene and polyamide. Commonly used standards for fiberglass pipes and their.
Pipe and fittings are to be manufactured by composites usa. Power piping stress analysis with creep effect pipe properties by asme b31. Glass reinforced epoxy gre pipes market global industry. In situ tests were performed for 664 days to measure deflections of buried gfrp pipe with a large diameter of 2,400 mm. Experimental study on longterm ring deflection of glass. The top countries of suppliers are china, japan, and pakistan, from which the percentage of reinforced window glass supply is 98%, 1%, and 1% respectively. Fiberglass reinforced thermoset plastic pipe or frp. Requirements for properties of reinforced vinyl ester laminates. A glass reinforced plastic grp fibre is light in weight, very strong, a robust material. In certain industries fiberglass is referred to as glassreinforced plastics grp, or glassfiberreinforced plastic gfrp. Pipepac software helps you select the right material for buried infrastructure systems and lets you determine the real cost of materials over the design life of the project. Gfrp glass fiber reinforced plastic crash box simulation.
Pdf glass fiber reinforced polypropylene mechanical. The addition of glass fibers to polycarbonate in various amounts 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% increases tensile strength, stiffness, compressive strength, and lower the thermal expansion coefficient. Mechanical properties of glass fibrereinforced gypsum. Glass filled polycarbonate emco industrial plastics. Grp and gre pipe can be used in a variety of above and belowground. Others include thomason and vlug 5, who investigated the influence of fibre length and concentration on the mechanical properties of glass fibre reinforced polypropylene, produced inan injector mould system. However for nonisotropic and heterogeneous polymeric compounds such as glass reinforced epoxy gre pipes, accelerated ageing test methodology has not been much investigated.
E glass pipe insulation is normally supplied at the optimum density for ease of handling. Glass fiber is made by drawing molten glass into fine fiber thread, which is a smooth and soft inorganic fiber with high strength in diameter ranging 918. Nov 14, 2018 those reinforced with glass are ideal for the power industry as they have no magnetic field and are resistant to electrical sparks. The normal density range of eslin e glass is from 180 to 220 kgm e glass fiber maintains its structural integrity even after years of service at high temperatures this is due to the mechanical binding in the needle mat manufacturing process. It is also combined well with synthetic resin into reinforced material. A wide variety of glass reinforced pipe options are available to you, such as technique, grade, and application. The first major interest in commercial frp vessels was in the fishing industry, starting in the late 1960s with the construction of frp shrimp trawlers. The top countries of suppliers are china, japan, and pakistan, from which the percentage of reinforced. Mechanical and thermal properties of glass fibervinyl ester. Accelerated ageing test methodology is valid and widely accepted procedure for estimating the lifetime of isotropic homogeneous polymeric materials. Numerous pipe tables are included in the default installation of the programs, and. Commonly used standards for fiberglass pipes and their applications engineering toolbox resources, tools and basic information for engineering and design of technical applications.
Polypropylene offers ease of processing with excellent chemical resistance and good mechanical properties. A key field of application for glass fiberreinforced polypropylene is automotive engineering. Petroleum and natural gas industries glassreinforced. Dont confuse frp piping with ordinary thermoplastic piping like pvc and polyethylene. Eriksson pipe is a computer program that performs the structural analysis and design of circular and horizontal elliptical reinforced concrete pipe.
Unlike the mechanical properties, the thermal properties do not increase substantially. Length pipe is available in nominal random lengths or cut to order. Flaw tolerance tests show that for flaws up to 40% throughreinforcement. Astm d 2996 standard specification for filament wound fiberglass. Figure 2 shows a typical example of the induction manifold of a combustion engine which was previously manufactured out of metal. It is relatively inexpensive to produce fiberglass, and the end product is light weight, strong and can be applied to a variety of applications. This article will adopt the convention that fiberglass refers to the complete glass fiber reinforced composite material, rather than only to the glass fiber within it. Computer software for design and cost analysis of frp corrosion. Properties of fiberglass glassfiberreinforced thermosetting resin pipe. Formglas was the first manufacturer in north america to produce gfrg and has since evolved into the.
Heat deflection temperature at 264 psi is increased up to 300 f 150 c for 40% glass fiber reinforced polypropylene. Glass fibre reinforced epoxy an overview sciencedirect. Grp pipes and frp pipes grp and frp acronyms is used interchangeably in the fiber glass pipe industry. The designer shall evaluate system layout requirements in relation to the properties of proprietary piping systems available from manufacturers, including but not limited to the following.
Influence of the filament winding tension on physical and mechanical properties of reinforced composites. There are several types of software available to aid the designer of frp. Fibercast centricast 2 centrifugally cast fiberglass reinforced pipe frp. Pipe table listing engineered software knowledge base. A key field of application for glass fiber reinforced polypropylene is automotive engineering. Other common names for fiberglass are glassreinforced plastic grp. Gypsum plaster, like other inorganic cements, is strong in compression but weak in tension exhibiting brittle behaviour. Gfrp glass fiber reinforced plastic crash box simulation on. Effect of specimen length and cut edge sealing with the matrix material of the pipe on the water absorption process was analyzed. Minlon efe6053 bk4 is a 40% mineralglass reinforced, heat stabilized polyamide 66 resin for injection molding.
The objective is to achieve an optimal balance between the amount of steel pipe thickness and glass fiber reinforcement thickness. Subject terms pipe, fiberglass, rpm, reinforced plastic mortar. Included are a classification system and requirements for materials, mechanical properties. We are currently in the midst of performing a feasibility study for highpressure piping being reinforced with a high tensile strength glass fiber material e glass, s glass etc. Lifetime estimation of glass reinforced epoxy pipes in. Seawater immersion ageing of glassfiber reinforced polymer.
A short article on grp pipe for beginners what is piping. The difference is that the frp pipes acronym is primarily used in the united states and canada while most other countries use the term grp pipes. Mechanical properties of glass fibre reinforced polymer. Note 1for the purpose of this standard, polymer does not include natural polymers. This paper describes the effect of glass content on the flexural, tensile, compressive and. Eglass pipe insulation is normally supplied at the optimum density for ease of handling. The performances of gre composite pipes is investigated through finite element. Asme code case n1552 fiberglass reinforced thermosetting resin pipe asme b31. Finite element modeling of buried glassreinforced composite pipe. Glass fiber products such as glass fiber fabric or glass fiber mat are adopted in the production of grp.
Extralite grpgrvgre pipes are manufactured on cnc filament. In grp, fiberglass combines with certain thermosetting resins to strengthen the composite material and may also contain aggregate granular material. The liner is then closed, put under pressure and cured with uv light. Glass fiber reinforced polypropylene mechanical properties enhancement by adhesion improvement article pdf available in materials 512. The normal density range of eslin eglass is from 180 to 220 kgm eglass fiber maintains its structural integrity even after years of service at high temperatures this is due to the mechanical binding in the needle mat manufacturing process. Stress analysis of underground grp pipe subjected to. Nov fiber glass systems fiberglass reinforced epoxy and vinyl ester resin piping systems possess excellent corrosion resistance and a combination of mechanical and physical properties that offer many advantages over traditional piping systems. A wide variety of reinforced window glass options are available to you, there are 478 suppliers who sells reinforced window glass on, mainly located in asia.
Aug 30, 2018 gfrp glass fiber reinforced plastic crash box simulation on abaqus. A glass fiber reinforced liner is impregnated with resin, then pulled into the pipe to be rehabilitated via existing shafts. Performance simulation of glass fibreepoxy composite. About 4% of these are steel pipes, 0% are stainless steel pipes. Nov fiber glass systems fiberglass reinforced epoxy and vinyl ester resin piping systems. These may include epoxy, vinyl ester, polyester, polyurethane, or polypropylene.
Glass fiber reinforced gypsum gfrg parts are usually provided unfinished for onsite painting. Frp is an attractive technology with potential to support the doe goal to reduce overall pipeline installation cost. Fiberglass american english, or fibreglass commonwealth english is a common type of fiberreinforced plastic using glass fiber. Glass fiberreinforced polypropylene has improved dimensional stability, resistance to warpage, rigidity and strength. Mechanical properties of glass fiber reinforced concrete. After curing, the system provides a structural liner which is comparable to a new pipe. In certain industries fiberglass is referred to as glass reinforced plastics grp, or glass fiber reinforced plastic gfrp. Random lengths are nominally 20 ft on pipe greater than 2 diameter, 10 ft on 112 or 2 diameter. Alsalihi, mohammed abdulqader jalil, mechanical properties of glass fiber reinforced.
Although the strength properties are comparatively lower than carbon fiber and is less stiff, the material is typically far less brittle, and the raw materials are cheaper. A study of water absorption and mechanical properties of glass fiberpolyester composite pipes effects of specimen geometry and preparation. However, the longterm performance of the repair is dependent, in part, on the effect of hygrothermal ageing of the composites. The dupont minlon family of mineral and mineralglassreinforced nylon resins offers a unique balance of properties that allows designers to maintain the. Monotonic ring compression tests were performed to monitor the stiffness properties during the water absorption process.
This software program called success by design is available on our. Glass fiber reinforced plastics grp are a composite material made of a polymer matrix. Mechanical and thermal properties of glass fibervinyl. May 19, 2017 glass reinforced plastic grp is a polymer material that includes glass fiber fiberglass. Glass reinforced epoxy gre pipes market is driven by increase in global demand for energy, especially oil and gas commodities. Glass fiber reinforced plastics grp are a composite material made of a polymer matrix reinforced with fibers.
Glass fiber reinforced concrete gfrc properties and. Mechanical properties of glass fiber reinforced polymers. Qualification and manufacture astm d2992, standard practice for obtaining hydrostatic or pressure design basis for fiberglass glassfiberreinforced thermosettingresin pipe and fittings. The range of applications covered by grp piping solution today is broad. Failure prediction of fiber reinforced polymer pipes using fea. Eglass fiber maintains its structural integrity even after years of service at high temperatures this is due to the mechanical binding in the needle mat manufacturing process. Fiberglass tanks and fiberglass piping contain glass fiber reinforcement embedded in cured thermosetting resin. Glass reinforced plastic grp is a polymer material that includes glass fiber fiberglass. Rehabilitation of pipelines using fiberreinforced polymer. Dec 01, 2017 glassreinforced polyester grp pipe, like virtually all pipe made with petrochemicals, can burn and is therefore not recommended for use in applications which are exposed to intense heat or flames. After curing, the system provides a structural liner which is comparable to. For example, the flexural modulus of a cured epoxy resin is in the range 11. The plastic matrix may be a thermoset polymer matrixmost often based on thermosetting polymers such as epoxy, polyester resin, or vinylesteror a.
Fiber glass pipe can resist external and internal corrosion whether the corrosion mechanism is galavanic or chemical in nature. During installation, care must be taken to avoid exposure of the pipe to welders sparks, cuttingtorch flames or other heatflameelectrical. Pdf glass fiberreinforced plastic gfrp composite pipes are used in many diverse. Failure prediction of fiber reinforced polymer pipes using fea article pdf available in international journal of engineering and technical research 42. It leads to excessive deflections in longterm design limits. This measurement shall be made at the point of manufacture with the pipe in an unstrained vertical position. Reinforcing material shall be a suitable grade of glass fibre having glass finish compatible with the resin system used. Mechanical properties of glass fiber reinforced polymer bars after. Glass fiberreinforced piping design pipelines, piping and. Petroleum and natural gas industries glass reinforced plastics grp piping. Glass fibre materials typically used for grp pipes and vessels are e glass, c glass, ecr glass, synthetic etc.
Glass fiberreinforced piping design pipelines, piping. Specification for glass fiber reinforced thermosetting resin line pipe. Longterm pressurizing of buried glass fiberreinforced polymer gfrp pipe will result in the reduction of stiffness in the pipes. A study of water absorption and mechanical properties of. Based on the field test results, finite element analysis was conducted to. This composite structure typically contains additives such as pigments and dyes. When compared to metals, its bulk strength and weight properties are also.
Mechanical properties of glass fibre reinforced polymer based. Developed inhouse by future pipe industries fpi, wavistrong stands the test of time because it is manufactured to the highest specifications, using a thermosetting resin system where glass fibers are wound on to a smooth rotating mandrel and impregnated with an. Glass reinforced plastic combines the structure of fiberglass with the plasticity of various resins. We are currently in the midst of performing a feasibility study for highpressure piping being reinforced with a high tensile strength glass fiber material eglass, sglass etc. Because glass fiber itself is sometimes referred to as fiberglass, the composite is also called fiberglass reinforced plastic. Standard specification for reinforced epoxy resin gas. Chemical resistance and mechanical properties of glass fiber. Later on, technical thermoplastics polyamidegf were used and finally the product is now produced using. Drop weight impact on fiber reinforced composites duration. Passstartprof provides comprehensive pipe stress, flexibility, stability, and.
The fibers may be randomly arranged, flattened into a sheet called a chopped strand mat, or woven into a fabric. Glass reinforced plastic grp pipes were first introduced for wide use in 1948 as an alternative to steel or stainless steel. Glass fiber reinforced plastics grp, one form of fiber reinforced plastics frp, were first introduced in the 1940s for navy personnel boats, as shown in figure 2. The abaqus fe simulation software was used to analyse the models and the nume rical. This surface may be reinforced with glass surfacing veil, carbon or synthetic veil, or other material as usage requires. Modifiers for glass fiberreinforced polypropylene and. The pipe and fittings covered by this specification are intended for use in the. Standard specification for reinforced epoxy resin gas pressure pipe and fittings. Plastics reinforced with aramids a class of synthetic polyamide formed from aromatic or ringshaped monomers demonstrate robust heat resistance and exceptional strength and thermals stability. North america is anticipated to dominate the glass reinforced epoxy gre pipes market. Glassreinforced polyester grp pipe, like virtually all pipe made with petrochemicals, can burn and is therefore not recommended for use in applications which are exposed to intense heat or flames. Click to find out about ftp tank standards and more on fiberglass reinforced.